Beranda blog Halaman 38

Konflik Internal Organisasi Nirlaba

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Why is it important to discuss the internal conflict in nonprofit organizations? The main reason for this theme rarely get a place to be discussed openly. Conflict in the non-profit organization known only by those who have worked in it. For those who are in it, conflict is a matter of conversation daily. The discourse about the internal politics no less exciting nonprofit organization with national politics.

In many cases, the conflict between non-profit organizations rarely surfaced to the public, often buried or even deliberately covered for the sake of the image of the organization. Is a disgrace, if the organization that carries the core values ​​and mission of social conflicts therein. Therefore, a matter of internal conflicts in the kitchen of the social and environmental activists are rarely the subject of extensive learning. To a certain extent this conflict is one important limiting factor of nonprofit organizations in achieving organizational goals.

As a public organization, or at least claim to be the bearers of good cause nonprofit organizations, it is appropriate to learning on governance issues, including the existence of conflict inside. Learning the internal conflict can be a means for continuous improvement of working in the NGO world, as one of the pillars of democracy and social transformation in Indonesia.

It seems like profit organization or a political organization, a non-profit organization is a container of a group of people who have a common goal normatively. The difference is the nature of the interests of organizations that do not make profits, either financial gain or political gain power. However, although the non-profit organization brings a sublime vision and social mission, it does not mean free from internal conflict. Conflict is a necessity, when there is social interaction and differences between the perceptions of humans as social beings.

This paper is a personal opinion, based on real experience and direct involvement of the authors in a variety of consulting work with various non-profit organizations. This paper is not a study, but a reflection of learning that can be the basis for doing advanced research in more depth.

POTENTIAL CONFLICT

Conflicts that arise in a non-profit organization dependent three main factors: the size, shape and organization of resources.

The greater the management unit within the organization the greater the chance of internal conflict. Organization with a rigorous formal shape in the bureaucracy as the Foundation will have more opportunities for conflict is greater than looser organizations such as the Association in the organizational structure. Organization that has the ability to be a great resource to have more potential for conflict is greater than with the weak organization of resources, especially financial resources.

Organizations with a smaller size enables better communication between staff intensive and substantial, compared with the large size organizations. With a smaller organization founded by people who know each other relatively close and have the same in view of the vision, mission and goals of the organization. Stronger organizational cohesiveness, as activists in small organizations generally have an “ideology” and the same historical process that ties among activists in it.

Organization with a large size and a more complex management systems in general management principles adopted modern management. There is a strict division of labor, remuneration system and the rules are not much different from business organizations. Communication is not so easy to be done between the top management to the lower layers of the staff within the organization. More open system of recruitment and professional on the one hand is a necessity, but on the other hand allows the entry of new people outside the “click” of the originator or founder of the organization, which often have differing views and bow to old people. Large organizations also have an organizational structure where there is division and strict hierarchy of power in which have the potential for disagreements and tensions between the layers of power in the organization.

Foundation in the form of a formal organization in accordance with the applicable legislation, the organization divides the elements that have specific functions, such as: coaches, administrators, executors and supervisors. Although not a necessity, but often that sits on coaches and administrators are leaders or former senior officials who have the power both personal strength and experience in the organization. Meanwhile, the executor is a person who is generally younger than the seniors who sit on the board or builder Foundation. In many cases, there is often conflict between the builder and executor, between senior and junior, and in the context of the Foundation, among which was having and gives a mandate to carry out the mandate.

Although not generally accepted, form associations with a lower risk than the Foundation. Looser forms of association organization in the context of the structure and hierarchy of the organization. This reduces the potential for conflict, because the ownership of the organization was held in common. Conflicts that occurred on Society in general is not a structural conflict or governance, but rather on personal or ideological conflict.

There is a joke and a frequent discussion among activists is a non-profit organization “used to get along when the poor, the rich are now actually fight”. This involves the existence of resources especially financial resources. Resources are not only financial, but including humans, knowledge and networking. But of all the factors that matter more financially often a source of conflict. When the project and donor funds flowing within an organization, and there was a new problem about who can what and how. It is about the struggle for access in the management of funds, or the more pragmatic than it is about the distribution of the benefits of managed funds. In many cases, an organization that claims to be a professional NGO is often in conflict over financial issues related to this.

SOURCE OF CONFLICT

Judging from the sources of influence, the factors that led to conflict two things, sourced from internal problems or external to the organization. External source is the pressure of external factors and resources policy, is the main donor policy and resource limitations.

Lately, the NGOs do not have the “luxury” more than ever before, with regard to the lack of funding from abroad. The global economic crisis and the emergence of issues of “new” change the direction of the NGO world. Climate change, MDGs, economic crisis and so is the global narrative that determines the direction of the current sources of NGO funding. This will affect the internal conditions in pergerakaannya NGOs, and led to conflict management in the context and substance of the theme of movement organization.

The internal factor is when the conflict is rooted in the organization’s internal problems. Momentum and in some cases, potential conflict situations as discussed above manifests itself in the form of factional interests and tensions between the layers of power in the organization. In many cases, conflicts of internal sources are more common than external conflict.

In addition to views of where the source of conflict comes, conflicts also occur because of typologies of leadership in the organization. There are several types of models of leadership in nonprofit organizations that authoritarian, democratic and pragmatic. Leaders with authoritarian types often conflict-prone, because activist or nonprofit staff upholds the normative values, such as justice and equality. Authoritarian leaders usually arises because of personal characteristics of individual leaders, who hooked up with the powers that have for decision-making.

Type is a leader that puts the democratic and participatory negotiations in making decisions. This leadership model is also not free of conflict, because it resulted in weak enforcement of rules and inertia in decision making because of prioritizing process. But the conflict in the Democratic leadership is horizontal instead of vertical conflict.

Type of pragmatic leadership is leadership that emphasizes the managerial aspects of its functions and duties in accordance accommodate less things outside management aspects. Generally, these models ignore the leader in the personal aspect of organizational management, and assume all problems can be solved with software or management tools. Unfortunately, a non-profit organization that provides most activists tend to do the personification of the work done in the name of social values ​​and ideology.

The third source is the factional within the organization. This factional interesting example is very common in the non-profit organization. Factional can be seen from some of the things that is the source, motivation and duration.

In terms of factional sources, can be formed because of the historical aspect, ideological and pragmatic. In one organization, factions may form due to the members of the group have the same historical experience. For example, had worked in the same institution, were graduates of the same university identity or similarity of such origin, race or religion. Members of the organization by similarity identities will have a tendency to congregate with each other, improving the level of communication and consciously or unconsciously forming solidarity groups.

Factional sources can also grow from a common ideology or paradigm, although historically they are different. Strengthen ideological similarities shared belief in the value championed by the organization in which they work. While factional also from pragmatic interests, namely the existence of a common goal short term, the interests of clients and patrons common interest in aspects of management in the organization.

In terms of motivation, factional formation can be analyzed from the factional interests of what’s behind. There is a grouping within the organization that is formed for the benefit of a power struggle within the organization, there are groupings formed for the purpose of fighting for an idea or a certain value, even some that are formed to fight for the financial support given. In some cases factional not only horizontally but also vertically, in the sense of involving the structure of power within the organization.

Unlike the political organization, where the leadership of the faction is very appear more open stand with the motion, the symbolic leadership of nonprofit organizations. For example, there is the term “the A’s him”, or “he is an accomplice of the B” or association with a formal division in the organization, “the field versus people management” and so on.

In terms of duration, factional can be seen within a period of its existence. Faction with the goal of pragmatic interests usually lasts shorter than ideological goals. For example, there is a group formed by the interests of justice in the treatment for the management, when factional interests are met then the bond will fade and over. While the faction because of historical or ideological similarities will be more lasting than the bersadar the short-term interests.Mengapa penting untuk membahas soal konflik internal di organisasi nirlaba? Alasan utamanya tema ini jarang sekali mendapatkan tempat untuk didiskusikan secara terbuka. Konflik dalam organisasi nirlaba hanya dikenal oleh orang-orang yang pernah bekerja di dalamnya. Bagi yang berada didalamnya, soal konflik adalah bahan perbincangan sehari hari. Perbincangan mengenai politik internal organisasi nirlaba tidak kalah seru dengan politik nasional.

Dalam banyak kasus, soal konflik organisasi nirlaba jarang mengemuka ke publik, sering dipendam atau bahkan sengaja ditutupi demi kepentingan citra organisasi. Merupakan sebuah aib, jika organisasi yang mengusung nilai luhur dan misi sosial terjadi konflik didalamnya. Oleh karena itu, soal konflik internal di dapur para aktivis sosial dan lingkungan hidup ini jarang menjadi bahan pembelajaran secara luas. Pada batas tertentu konflik ini merupakan salah satu faktor penghambat penting dari organisasi nirlaba dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi.

Sebagai organisasi publik, atau setidaknya mengklaim sebagai pengusung tujuan mulia organisasi nirlaba, sudah semestinya untuk melakukan pembelajaran terhadap masalah tata kelola termasuk keberadaan konflik didalamnya. Pembelajaran atas konflik internal bisa menjadi sarana bagi perbaikan terus menerus kerja dunia LSM, sebagai salah satu pilar demokrasi dan transformasi sosial di Indonesia.

Sepertinya halnya organisasi profit atau organisasi politik, organisasi nirlaba adalah sebuah wadah dari sekumpulan orang yang secara normatif memiliki tujuan bersama. Yang membedakan hanyalah sifat organisasi yang tidak mengutamakan kepentingan mengeruk laba, baik keuntungan finansial maupun keuntungan politik kekuasaan. Namun, walaupun organisasi nirlaba mengusung visi luhur dan misi sosial, bukan berarti terbebas dari konflik internal. Konflik adalah sebuah keniscayaan, ketika terjadi interaksi sosial dan perbedaan persepsi antar manusia sebagai makhluk sosial.

Tulisan ini merupakan pendapat pribadi, berdasarkan pengalaman nyata dan keterlibatan langsung penulis dalam berbagai kerja konsultasi dengan berbagai organisasi nirlaba. Tulisan ini bukan sebuah hasil penelitian, namun merupakan refleksi pembelajaran yang dapat menjadi landasan untuk dilakukannya penelitian lanjutan yang lebih mendalam. 

POTENSI KONFLIK

Konflik yang muncul dalam organisasi nirlaba tergantung tiga faktor utama : ukuran, bentuk dan sumberdaya organisasi.

Semakin besar unit manajemen dalam organisasi semakin besar peluang terjadinya konflik internal. Organisasi dengan bentuk formal yang ketat dalam birokrasi seperti Yayasan akan lebih memiliki peluang terjadinya konflik lebih besar dibanding organisasi yang lebih longgar dalam struktur organisasi seperti Perkumpulan. Organisasi yang memiliki kemampuan sumberdaya besar akan lebih memiliki potensi terjadinya konflik lebih besar dibanding dengan organisasi yang lemah dalam sumberdaya terutama sumberdaya finansial.

Organisasi dengan ukuran lebih kecil memungkinkan komunikasi antar staf yang lebih intensif dan substansial, dibanding organisasi dengan ukuran besar. Organisasi dengan ukuran kecil biasanya didirikan oleh orang yang saling kenal dekat dan relatif memiliki kesamaan pandangan dalam melihat visi, misi dan tujuan organisasi. Kohesifitas organisasi lebih kuat, karena aktivis dalam organisasi kecil umumnya memiliki “ideologi” yang sama dan proses historis yang mengikat diantara aktivis di dalamnya.

Organisasi dengan ukuran besar dan sistem manajemen yang lebih kompleks pada umumnya mengadopsi prinsip pengelolaan manajemen modern. Ada divisi kerja yang ketat, sistem renumerasi serta aturan main yang tidak jauh beda dengan organisasi bisnis. Komunikasi tidak sedemikian mudah bisa dilakukan antara manajemen puncak dengan staf lapisan bawah dalam organisasi. Sistem rekrutmen lebih terbuka dan profesional pada satu sisi merupakan sebuah kebutuhan, namun di sisi lain memungkinkan masuknya orang baru diluar “klik” para penggagas atau pendiri organisasi, yang sering berbeda pandangan dan haluan dengan orang lama. Organisasi besar juga memiliki struktur organisasi dimana terjadi pembagian dan hirarki kekuasaan yang ketat di mana memiliki potensi terjadinya perbedaan pendapat dan ketegangan antara lapisan kekuasaan dalam organisasi.

Organisasi dalam bentuk formal Yayasan sesuai dengan perundangan yang berlaku, membagi organisasi dalam unsur unsur yang memiliki fungsi tertentu, seperti : pembina, pengurus, pelaksana dan pengawas. Walaupun tidak merupakan keharusan, namun seringkali yang duduk di pembina dan pengurus adalah tokoh-tokoh senior atau mantan pengurus yang memiliki kekuatan baik kekuatan personal maupun pengalaman dalam organisasi. Sementara itu, pelaksana pada umumnya adalah sosok yang lebih muda dari para senior yang duduk di pengurus atau pembina Yayasan. Pada banyak kasus, sering terjadi konflik antara pembina dan pelaksana, antara senior dan junior, dan dalam konteks Yayasan, antara yang merasa memiliki sekaligus pemberi mandat dengan yang melaksanakan mandat.

Walaupun tidak berlaku umum, bentuk Perkumpulan lebih rendah resikonya dibanding dengan Yayasan. Bentuk organisasi perkumpulan lebih longgar dalam konteks struktur dan hirarki dalam organisasi. Hal ini mereduksi potensi konflik, karena status kepemilikan organisasi adalah dimiliki bersama. Konflik yang tejadi pada Perkumpulan pada umumnya adalah bukan konflik struktural atau tata kelola namun lebih pada konflik personal atau ideologis.

Ada yang berseloroh dan sering menjadi bahasan dikalangan aktivis organisasi nirlaba adalah “dulu ketika miskin bisa rukun, kini sudah kaya malah berantem”. Hal ini menyangkut keberadaan sumberdaya terutama sumberdaya finansial. Sumberdaya tidak hanya finansial, tapi termasuk manusia, pengetahuan dan jejaring. Namun dari semua faktor itu soal finansial yang lebih sering menjadi sumber konflik. Ketika proyek dan dana dari donor mengalir deras dalam sebuah organisasi maka terjadilah masalah baru mengenai siapa dapat apa dan berapa. Ini adalah soal perebutan akses dalam pengelolaan dana, atau yang lebih pragmatis dari itu adalah soal pembagian benefit dari dana yang dikelola. Dalam banyak kasus, organisasi yang mengklaim sebagai NGO yang profesional justru sering mengalami konflik internal terkait masalah finansial ini.

SUMBER KONFLIK

Ditinjau dari sumber pengaruh, faktor yang mengakibatkan konflik ada dua hal, bersumber dari problem internal ataupun eksternal organisasi. Sumber eksternal adalah tekanan dari faktor kebijakan dan sumberdaya eksternal, utamanya adalah kebijakan donor dan keterbatasan sumberdaya.

Akhir-akhir ini kalangan NGO tidak memiliki “kemewahan” lebih dibanding masa sebelumnya, berkaitan dengan minimnya sumber pendanaan dari luar negeri. Krisis ekonomi global dan munculnya isu isu “baru” mengubah arah pergerakan dunia LSM. Perubahan iklim, MDGs, krisis ekonomi dan lain sebagainya adalah narasi global yang menentukan arah pergerakan sumber pendanaan LSM saat ini. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi kondisi internal LSM dalam pergerakaannya, serta memunculkan konflik dalam konteks manajemen dan substansi tema gerak organisasi.

Faktor internal adalah ketika konflik bersumber pada masalah dalam internal organisasi. Dalam momentum dan kasus tertentu, situasi potensial konflik seperti diulas diatas termanifestasikan dalam bentuk faksionalisasi kepentingan dan ketegangan antar lapisan kekuasaan dalam organisasi. Dalam banyak kasus, konflik dari sumber internal lebih sering terjadi dibanding konflik eksternal.

Selain dilihat dari mana sumber konflik berasal, konflik juga terjadi karena tipologi kepemimpinan dalam organisasi. Ada beberapa model tipe kepemimpinan dalam organisasi nirlaba yakni otoriter, demokratis dan pragmatis. Pemimpin dengan tipe otoriter sering kali rentan konflik, oleh karena aktivis atau staf organisasi nirlaba sangat menjunjung tinggi nilai nilai normatif, seperti keadilan dan kesetaraan. Pemimpin otoriter biasanya muncul karena karakteristik personal dari individu pemimpin tersebut, yang berkait dengan kekuasaan yang dimiliki untuk pengambilan keputusan.

Tipe demokratis adalah pemimpin yang mengedepankan negosiasi dan lebih partisipatif dalam mengambil keputusan. Model pemimpin ini juga tidak bebas konflik, karena mengakibatkan lemahnya penegakan aturan dan kelambanan dalam pengambilan keputusan oleh karena mengutamakan proses. Namun konflik yang terjadi dalam kepemimpinan demokratis adalah konflik horizontal bukan vertikal.

Tipe kepemimpinan pragmatis adalah pemimpin yang menekankan pada aspek manajerial sesuai tugas pokok fungsinya dan kurang mengakomodasi hal-hal diluar aspek manajemen. Umumnya pemimpin model ini mengabaikan aspek personal dalam pengelolaan organisasi, dan menganggap semua masalah bisa diselesaikan dengan perangkat atau tools manajemen. Sayangnya, organisasi nirlaba berisi aktivis yang sebagian besar cenderung melakukan personifikasi terhadap kerja yang dilakukan atas nama nilai sosial dan ideologi.

Sumber yang ketiga adalah faksionalisasi dalam organisasi. Faksionalisasi ini menarik untuk dicermati karena sangat umum terjadi dalam organisasi nirlaba. Faksionalisasi bisa dilihat dari beberapa hal yaitu sumber, motivasi dan durasi.

Dari segi sumber faksionalisasi, bisa terbentuk karena aspek historis, ideologis maupun pragmatis. Dalam satu organisasi, faksi bisa terbentuk karena para anggota kelompok memiliki pengalaman historis yang sama. Misalnya pernah bekerja di lembaga yang sama, berasal dari lulusan dari universitas yang sama atau kesamaan identitas seperti asal daerah, suku atau agama yang sama. Anggota organisasi dengan kesamaan identitas akan memiliki kecenderungan untuk berkumpul dengan sesamanya, memperlancar intensitas komunikasi dan secara sadar atau tidak sadar membentuk solidaritas kelompok.

Sumber faksionalisasi juga bisa tumbuh dari kesamaan ideologi atau paradigma walaupun secara historis mereka berbeda. Kesamaan ideologis mempertebal keyakinan bersama akan nilai yang diperjuangkan melalui organisasi dimana tempat mereka bekerja. Sementara faksionalisasi juga bisa dari kepentingan pragmatis, yakni adanya tujuan bersama jangka pendek, kepentingan patron klien dan kesamaan kepentingan dalam aspek manajemen dalam organisasi.

Dari segi motivasi, terbentuknya faksionalisasi bisa dianalisis dari kepentingan apa dibalik faksionalisasi tersebut. Ada pengelompokan dalam organisasi yang terbentuk untuk kepentingan perebutan kekuasaan dalam organisasi, ada pengelompokan yang terbentuk untuk tujuan memperjuangkan ide atau nilai tertentu, bahkan ada juga yang terbentuk untuk memperjuangkan dukungan finansial tertentu. Dalam beberapa kasus faksionalisasi tidak hanya horizontal namun juga vertikal, dalam arti melibatkan struktur kekuasaan dalam organisasi.

Berbeda dengan organisasi politik, dimana kepemimpinan dalam faksi sangat nampak menonjol dengan gerak lebih terbuka, dalam organisasi nirlaba kepemimpinan bersifat simbolik. Misalnya ada istilah “dia orangnya si A”, atau “dia kaki tangan si B” atau asosiasi dengan divisi formal dalam organisasi, “orang lapangan versus orang manajemen” dan seterusnya.

Dari segi durasi, faksionalisasi bisa dilihat dalam jangka waktu keberadaanya. Faksi dengan tujuan kepentingan pragmatis biasanya berlangsung lebih pendek dari yang tujuan ideologis. Misalnya, ada satu kelompok terbentuk karena kepentingan untuk keadilan dalam perlakuan manajemen, ketika kepentingan terpenuhi maka ikatan faksionalisasi akan pudar dan usai. Sementara itu faksi karena kesamaan historis atau ideologis akan lebih langgeng dibanding yang bersadar atas kepentingan jangka pendek.

Program Kerja 2011-2014 Konsil LSM Indonesia

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Indonesian NGO Strategic Planning Council that took place on 14 to 17 March 2011 generated a work program 2011-2013 as follows:

Goal: Increased Accountability, and the Role of NGO position.

outcome:

Birth of regulation that ensures the position and role of NGOs and NGO access to the resources of the various parties are accountable.
Establishment of equal and effective partnership between NGOs, government and private.
Internalized the principle of accountability through the implementation and enforcement of the Code.
output:

Any formulation of proposals submitted to the Government Council and the Parliament for discussion of the bill or the Association.
The increasing involvement of the Council in the discussion of regulations related to the life of NGOs on national and regional level.
Establishment of multistakeholder forum between NGOs, government and private.
The formation of the Council representatives of Indonesian NGOs in areas that have strong institutional system and accountable to Council mission.
Increased awareness, understanding and capacity of the Council to apply the principle of accountability through the implementation and enforcement of the Code.
NGO accountability issues into the public discourse.
Any elaboration of the Code, as well as system monitoring and evaluation instruments and enforcement mechanisms Indonesian NGO Council Code of Conduct.
Indonesian NGO Council to function effectively.

 

Pohon Hasil Konsil LSM Indonesia Periode 2011-2014

LFA Konsil LSM Indonesia Periode 2011-2013

Laporan Hasil Renstra Konsil LSM Indonesia 2011Strategic Planning Konsil LSM Indonesia yang berlangsung pada 14-17 Maret 2011 menghasilkan program kerja 2011-2013 sebagai berikut:

Goal: Meningkatnya Akuntabilitas, Peran dan Posisi LSM.

Outcome:

  1. Lahirnya regulasi yang menjamin posisi dan peran LSM serta akses sumber daya LSM dari berbagai pihak secara akuntabel.
  2. Terbangunnya kemitraan yang setara dan efektif antara LSM, Pemerintah dan Swasta.
  3. Terinternalisasinya prinsip akuntabilitas melalui penerapan dan penegakan Kode Etik.

Output:

  1. Adanya rumusan usulan Konsil yang disampaikan kepada Pemerintah dan atau DPR untuk pembahasan RUU Perkumpulan.
  2. Meningkatnya keterlibatan Konsil dalam pembahasan regulasi yang terkait dengan kehidupan LSM pada level nasional dan daerah.
  3. Terbentuknya forum multistakeholder antara LSM, Pemerintah dan Swasta.
  4. Terbentuknya perwakilan Konsil LSM Indonesia di daerah yang memiliki sistem kelembagaan yang kuat dan akuntabel untuk menjalankan misi Konsil.
  5. Meningkatnya kesadaran, pemahaman dan kapasitas Konsil untuk menerapkan prinsip akuntabilitas melalui penerapan dan penegakan Kode Etik.
  6. Isu akuntabilitas LSM menjadi wacana publik.
  7. Adanya penjabaran Kode Etik, instrumen monev serta sistem dan mekanisme penegakan Kode Etik Konsil LSM Indonesia.
  8. Berfungsi efektifnya Konsil LSM Indonesia.

 

Pohon Hasil Konsil LSM Indonesia Periode 2011-2014

LFA Konsil LSM Indonesia Periode 2011-2013

Laporan Hasil Renstra Konsil LSM Indonesia 2011

Kontak Kami

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Konsil LSM Indonesia
Jl. Duren Tiga Barat VI No. 36,
Pancoran, Jakarta Selatan
Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta
Kode  Pos 12760
Tlp. 0813-1833-3869
E-mail: sekretariat@konsillsm.or.id

Memperkuat Kepemimpinan Perempuan

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Memperkuat Kepemimpinan Perempuan
Memperkuat Kepemimpinan Perempuan

mekanisme pengaduan

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The Power of Failure

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Seven years ago, the consulting group Bridgespan presented details on the performance of several prestigious nonprofits. Nearly all of them had one thing in common — failure. These organizations had a point at which they struggled financially, stalled on a project or experienced high rates of attrition. “Everyone in the room had the same response, which was relief,” said Paul Schmitz, the chief executive of the nonprofit Public Allies. “It was good to see that I wasn’t the only one struggling with these things.”
As in any field, people who work in nonprofits, social enterprises, development agencies, and foundations experience failure on a regular basis. People make hiring and budgeting mistakes. Shipments arrive late, or not at all. Organizations allow their missions to drift. Technologies prove inappropriate for the communities meant to benefit from them.

“We are working in some of the most difficult places in the world,” said Wayan Vota, a technology and information expert who organized the third annual FAILFaire conference two weeks ago in Washington. “But failure is literally the ‘f-word’ in development.” The idea behind this FAILFaire, which was hosted by the World Bank, was to highlight, even celebrate, instances of failure in the field of social change as an integral part of the process of innovation and, ultimately, progress.

Some nonprofits are tempted to hide their failures, partially for fear of donor reaction. But most acknowledge that transparency about what works and what doesn’t is crucial to their eventual success.

“Not talking about [failure] is the worst thing you can do, as it means you’re not helping the rest of the organization learn from it,” said Jill Vialet, who runs the nonprofit Playworks. “It gives [the failure] a power and a weight that’s not only unnecessary, but damaging.” Vialet instead supports failing “out loud” and “forward,” meaning that the people involved in the failure should speak about it openly and work to prevent history from repeating itself.

This idea is already ingrained in the cultures of some for-profit industries. “In Silicon Valley, failure is a rite of passage,” said Vota. “If you’re not failing, you’re not considered to be innovating enough.” Silicon Valley investors, in turn, regularly reward entrepreneurs’ risk-taking behavior, though they know the venture may fail and they will lose their capital.

“The ironic thing,” said Schmitz of Public Allies, “is that you have donors who took major risks in their own fortunes, but are very risk averse when giving to charity. People rightly want their dollars to have the maximum impact, but don’t apply the same logic model that they give to their private sector investment.” As a result, he said, many social change groups innovate less often and less wildly.

Individuals within the social change community have recognized the value in emulating Silicon Valley’s culture of calculated risk-taking, and are actively working to de-stigmatize failure. FAILFaire is one example. At the event, Aleem Walji, the director of the World Bank Institute’s Innovation Labs, spoke of a failed collaboration with Google, in which the World Bank would have provided Google’s Map Maker program to governments and multilaterals to help with disaster preparedness. However, development experts lambasted the World Bank for supporting Google’s closed platform, which would not allow users free access to the map data they would create. A month after the partnership was announced, the bank changed course and announced its commitment to open-source mapping programs.

Walji said the lesson his team learned from the failed partnership was to “not get overly excited about the prospect of working with a big sexy company [like Google] before reading the fine print.”

At the same event, Neelley Hicks of United Methodist Communications admitted that her organization spent limited resources flying people to Angola from the United States, when they could have found people within the country to do the same job. Other speakers spoke of ill-conceived partnerships, of unnecessary reports that spent their lives gathering dust, and of spending too much time building a Twitter presence.

Some organizations encourage employees to talk about failure in office events that are closed to the public. The World Bank is holding an internal FailFaire in December, which will be moderated by Jim Yong Kim, the bank’s president.DoSomething.org, a nonprofit that supports social change among teenagers, holds a bi-annual Fail Fest conceived and hosted by its chief executive, Nancy Lublin.

Others publish their failures for the world to see. Engineers Without Borders Canada, which creates engineering solutions to international development problems, publishes a “failure report” every year alongside its annual report. “I only let the best failures into the report,” said Ashley Good, its editor. The examples that are published, she said, show people who are “taking risks to be innovative.”

Good also started a Web site, Admitting Failure, to encourage people working in international development to share their stories of failure. The site includes stories about arriving unprepared to an emergency medical situation in the Middle East, the theft of an expensive and underused water filter, and more.

One of the site’s aims, said Good, is to create a “feedback loop” that does not currently exist in the development sector. In the private sector, she said, people know immediately whether a product is of value to customers. By contrast, “there are incentives [in the social change world] to not accept feedback, since your accountability is not to your beneficiaries but to your donors. N.G.O.s need to be able to say to donors, ‘Don’t fund this, it doesn’t work.’ ”

For a failure to have a resounding impact on an organization and its future activities, several elements need to be in place. It is crucial to talk about failure aloud — and according to Vota, to have the “biggest hippo,” or the most senior person, lead the charge. In addition to nurturing a culture of innovation and reflection, talking about failure helps build a canon of knowledge of what not to do in the future.

In addition, Jill Vialet of Playworks emphasizes the importance of “failing fast and cheap” (as opposed to slow and expensive). She sets aside a budget for new programs that intentionally have unpredictable outcomes. They limit the scope of these programs, clearly define failure and success at the outset, and decide when to measure the new program’s merits. “It’s about being disciplined and rigorous,” said Vialet, since human nature normally prevents us from recognizing our mistakes while they are occurring.

Schmitz and several FAILFaire speakers also see the need to change the nature of donor relationships. Instead of trying to constantly dazzle funders, Schmitz recommends developing long-term relationships that allow for failure and growth. If a funder is invested in you, he said, he or she will share your sense of vulnerability if a project is not going as planned, and may sometimes help collectively problem solve.

Not all funders are looking for infallible investees. Talia Milgrom-Elcott, a program officer at the Carnegie Corporation of New York, says that when she evaluates a grant, she is more interested in whether the team can successfully deal with failure — “course correct” — than whether it will fail at all. “You want organizations [in your portfolio] to take calculated risks, you want them to think big,” she said. “You want some that are taking big leaps, that are moving in a new direction.”

Building a culture of openness to failure takes time and consistent effort. Unfortunately, efforts to normalize failure can be set back by cautionary tales of failures gone wrong. When the public learned in 2011 that the Global Fund that Fights AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria had mismanaged some funds, several countries froze their support. “The last thing people want to see is their tax dollars or donations being ‘wasted’ on failed projects that were not originally designed to help them in the first place,” wrote Jessica Keralis on a global health blog.

In the majority of cases, however, failure in the social change world does not involve as many dollars or stakeholders, and admitting it can have a net positive impact on an organization. Doing so can build institutional knowledge and create a culture where people are more open to taking risks. Admitting failure can also signal to funders like Milgrom-Elcott that an organization is “unafraid to change and address the next problem.”

Ultimately, said Good, her hope is to remove the negative connotation of failure and instead see it as an “indicator of innovation, and a driver of collaboration that’s needed to catalyze systemic change.” Only then can the social change world reach its true potential.*

Sarika Bansal is a journalist who writes about social innovation and global health. She is working with David Bornstein and Tina Rosenberg to develop the Solutions Journalism Network. Follow her on Twitter at @sarika008.

Source link: http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/28/the-power-of-failure-2/Seven years ago, the consulting group Bridgespan presented details on the performance of several prestigious nonprofits. Nearly all of them had one thing in common — failure. These organizations had a point at which they struggled financially, stalled on a project or experienced high rates of attrition. “Everyone in the room had the same response, which was relief,” said Paul Schmitz, the chief executive of the nonprofit Public Allies. “It was good to see that I wasn’t the only one struggling with these things.”
As in any field, people who work in nonprofits, social enterprises, development agencies, and foundations experience failure on a regular basis. People make hiring and budgeting mistakes. Shipments arrive late, or not at all. Organizations allow their missions to drift. Technologies prove inappropriate for the communities meant to benefit from them.

“We are working in some of the most difficult places in the world,” said Wayan Vota, a technology and information expert who organized the third annual FAILFaire conference two weeks ago in Washington. “But failure is literally the ‘f-word’ in development.” The idea behind this FAILFaire, which was hosted by the World Bank, was to highlight, even celebrate, instances of failure in the field of social change as an integral part of the process of innovation and, ultimately, progress.

Some nonprofits are tempted to hide their failures, partially for fear of donor reaction. But most acknowledge that transparency about what works and what doesn’t is crucial to their eventual success.

“Not talking about [failure] is the worst thing you can do, as it means you’re not helping the rest of the organization learn from it,” said Jill Vialet, who runs the nonprofit Playworks. “It gives [the failure] a power and a weight that’s not only unnecessary, but damaging.” Vialet instead supports failing “out loud” and “forward,” meaning that the people involved in the failure should speak about it openly and work to prevent history from repeating itself.

This idea is already ingrained in the cultures of some for-profit industries. “In Silicon Valley, failure is a rite of passage,” said Vota. “If you’re not failing, you’re not considered to be innovating enough.” Silicon Valley investors, in turn, regularly reward entrepreneurs’ risk-taking behavior, though they know the venture may fail and they will lose their capital.

“The ironic thing,” said Schmitz of Public Allies, “is that you have donors who took major risks in their own fortunes, but are very risk averse when giving to charity. People rightly want their dollars to have the maximum impact, but don’t apply the same logic model that they give to their private sector investment.” As a result, he said, many social change groups innovate less often and less wildly.

Individuals within the social change community have recognized the value in emulating Silicon Valley’s culture of calculated risk-taking, and are actively working to de-stigmatize failure. FAILFaire is one example. At the event, Aleem Walji, the director of the World Bank Institute’s Innovation Labs, spoke of a failed collaboration with Google, in which the World Bank would have provided Google’s Map Maker program to governments and multilaterals to help with disaster preparedness. However, development experts lambasted the World Bank for supporting Google’s closed platform, which would not allow users free access to the map data they would create. A month after the partnership was announced, the bank changed course and announced its commitment to open-source mapping programs.

Walji said the lesson his team learned from the failed partnership was to “not get overly excited about the prospect of working with a big sexy company [like Google] before reading the fine print.”

At the same event, Neelley Hicks of United Methodist Communications admitted that her organization spent limited resources flying people to Angola from the United States, when they could have found people within the country to do the same job. Other speakers spoke of ill-conceived partnerships, of unnecessary reports that spent their lives gathering dust, and of spending too much time building a Twitter presence.

Some organizations encourage employees to talk about failure in office events that are closed to the public. The World Bank is holding an internal FailFaire in December, which will be moderated by Jim Yong Kim, the bank’s president.DoSomething.org, a nonprofit that supports social change among teenagers, holds a bi-annual Fail Fest conceived and hosted by its chief executive, Nancy Lublin.

Others publish their failures for the world to see. Engineers Without Borders Canada, which creates engineering solutions to international development problems, publishes a “failure report” every year alongside its annual report. “I only let the best failures into the report,” said Ashley Good, its editor. The examples that are published, she said, show people who are “taking risks to be innovative.”

Good also started a Web site, Admitting Failure, to encourage people working in international development to share their stories of failure. The site includes stories about arriving unprepared to an emergency medical situation in the Middle East, the theft of an expensive and underused water filter, and more.

One of the site’s aims, said Good, is to create a “feedback loop” that does not currently exist in the development sector. In the private sector, she said, people know immediately whether a product is of value to customers. By contrast, “there are incentives [in the social change world] to not accept feedback, since your accountability is not to your beneficiaries but to your donors. N.G.O.s need to be able to say to donors, ‘Don’t fund this, it doesn’t work.’ ”

For a failure to have a resounding impact on an organization and its future activities, several elements need to be in place. It is crucial to talk about failure aloud — and according to Vota, to have the “biggest hippo,” or the most senior person, lead the charge. In addition to nurturing a culture of innovation and reflection, talking about failure helps build a canon of knowledge of what not to do in the future.

In addition, Jill Vialet of Playworks emphasizes the importance of “failing fast and cheap” (as opposed to slow and expensive). She sets aside a budget for new programs that intentionally have unpredictable outcomes. They limit the scope of these programs, clearly define failure and success at the outset, and decide when to measure the new program’s merits. “It’s about being disciplined and rigorous,” said Vialet, since human nature normally prevents us from recognizing our mistakes while they are occurring.

Schmitz and several FAILFaire speakers also see the need to change the nature of donor relationships. Instead of trying to constantly dazzle funders, Schmitz recommends developing long-term relationships that allow for failure and growth. If a funder is invested in you, he said, he or she will share your sense of vulnerability if a project is not going as planned, and may sometimes help collectively problem solve.

Not all funders are looking for infallible investees. Talia Milgrom-Elcott, a program officer at the Carnegie Corporation of New York, says that when she evaluates a grant, she is more interested in whether the team can successfully deal with failure — “course correct” — than whether it will fail at all. “You want organizations [in your portfolio] to take calculated risks, you want them to think big,” she said. “You want some that are taking big leaps, that are moving in a new direction.”

Building a culture of openness to failure takes time and consistent effort. Unfortunately, efforts to normalize failure can be set back by cautionary tales of failures gone wrong. When the public learned in 2011 that the Global Fund that Fights AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria had mismanaged some funds, several countries froze their support. “The last thing people want to see is their tax dollars or donations being ‘wasted’ on failed projects that were not originally designed to help them in the first place,” wrote Jessica Keralis on a global health blog.

In the majority of cases, however, failure in the social change world does not involve as many dollars or stakeholders, and admitting it can have a net positive impact on an organization. Doing so can build institutional knowledge and create a culture where people are more open to taking risks. Admitting failure can also signal to funders like Milgrom-Elcott that an organization is “unafraid to change and address the next problem.”

Ultimately, said Good, her hope is to remove the negative connotation of failure and instead see it as an “indicator of innovation, and a driver of collaboration that’s needed to catalyze systemic change.” Only then can the social change world reach its true potential.*

Sarika Bansal is a journalist who writes about social innovation and global health. She is working with David Bornstein and Tina Rosenberg to develop the Solutions Journalism Network. Follow her on Twitter at @sarika008.

Source link: http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/28/the-power-of-failure-2/

Program Strategis

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Indonesian NGO Activities Council are as follows:
Defend and fight for the values​​, goals and interests of NGOs in general and NGOs in particular members and represent them in a variety of forums governments, donors, the private sector and other parties.
Support the establishment and advocate policies to ensure the creation of a conducive environment that supports the accountability of NGOs.
Developing cooperation with outsiders and among its members, and help the development of programs and activities of members.
Promote and recommend its members to stakeholders and strategic partners.
Performs the function of capacity building to strengthen the accountability of its members.
Provide a variety of publications and information services to its members.
Promoting the idea and implementation of codes of conduct Indonesian NGO Council on NGO community in Indonesia.
Support the establishment of regulations that ensure the position and role of NGOs and NGO access to the resources of the various parties accountable.
Build equal and effective partnership between NGOs, Government and Private.Aktivitas Konsil LSM Indonesia adalah sebagai berikut:

  1. Membela dan memperjuangkan nilai-nilai, tujuan dan kepentingan LSM pada umumnya dan LSM anggota pada khususnya dan mewakili mereka dalam berbagai forum pemerintah, lembaga penyandang dana, pihak swasta dan pihak-pihak lain.
  2. Mendorong lahirnya dan melakukan advokasi kebijakan untuk menjamin terciptanya lingkungan yang kondusif yang menunjang akuntabilitas LSM.
  3. Mengembangkan kerjasama dengan pihak luar dan di antara anggota-anggotanya, serta membantu pengembangan program serta aktivitas anggota.
  4. Mempromosikan dan merekomendasikan anggota-anggotanya kepada para pihak dan mitra strategis.
  5. Melakukan fungsi pengembangan kapasitas untuk memperkuat akuntabilitas anggota-anggotanya.
  6. Memberikan berbagai pelayanan publikasi dan informasi kepada anggota-anggotanya.
  7. Mempromosikan gagasan dan penerapan kode etik Konsil LSM Indonesia pada komunitas LSM Indonesia.
  8. Mendorong lahirnya regulasi yang menjamin posisi dan peran LSM serta akses sumber daya LSM dari berbagai pihak secara akuntabel.
  9. Membangun kemitraan yang setara dan efektif antara LSM, Pemerintah dan Swasta.

Peresmian KPMM sebagai Perwakilan Konsil LSM Indonesia

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Untuk memperluas gerakan akuntabilitas LSM, khususnya di Provinsi Sumatera Barat, pada 27 Desember 2012, Konsorsium Pengembangan Masyarakat Madani (KPMM) diresmikan sebagai perwakilan Konsil LSM Indonesia. Peresmian dilakukan oleh Rustam Ibrahim, Ketua Komite Pengarah Nasional Konsil LSM Indonesia di Padang.

Upaya untuk Memulihkan Kepercayaan Publik terhadap LSM
Acara peresmian diawali dengan seminar dan diskusi tentang Konsil LSM Indonesia, serta peran perwakilan Konsil. Bertindak sebagai pembicara adalah Rustam Ibrahim. Selain Anggota Konsil di Sumatera Barat, yang juga hadir pada acara ini adalah pengelola media massa, civitas academica/perguruan tinggi, wakil pemerintah dan sektor swasta, serta LSM dan ormas yang ada di Sumatera Barat.

Setelah acara peresmian, acara dilanjutkan dengan perumusan program Perwakilan Konsil. Kegiatan ini dipandu oleh dua orang fasilitator, yakni Syafrizaldi dan Muthia Ulfa, hingga Jumat, 28 Desember 2012. Kegiatan perumusan program hanya dihadiri oleh Anggota Konsil di Sumatera Barat.

Penyusunan program menghasilkan Outcome: (a) optimalnya fungsi KPMM sebagai Perwakilan Konsil LSM Sumatera Barat;
(b) tersedianya sumber-sumber pendanaan bagi Anggota Konsil LSM Perwakilan Konsil LSM Sumatera Barat dari APBD, Perusahaan dan Publik; (c) meningkatnya kepercayaan para pihak (masyarakat, lembaga privat, pemerintah dan donor) terhadap Anggota Konsil LSM Sumatera Barat

Output yang akan dicapai dalam program tersebut adalah:
1. meningkatnya layanan KPMM sebagai Perwakilan Konsil LSM Sumatera Barat terhadap lembaga Anggota Konsil LSM;
2. adanya kerja bersama antar lembaga Anggota Konsil LSM;
3. terbentuknya forum multistakeholder antara pemerintah daerah, DPRD, perguruan tinggi, perusahaan dan KPMM untuk meningkatkan jaringan kerja, advokasi dan pendanaan;
4. terlaksananya program bersama antara Anggota Perwakilan Konsil LSM dengan perusahaan;
5. meningkatnya performance dan akuntabilitas KPMM dan Anggota Konsil LSM di Sumatera Barat;
6. meningkatnya posisi tawar anggota Perwakilan Konsil LSM Sumatera Barat terhadap para pihak.

KPMM adalah organisasi jaringan LSM yang berdiri pada tahun 1999. KPMM berkomitmen untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan dan kredibilitas LSM yang saat itu sedang jatuh di mata publik serta para pemangku kepentingan lainnya. KPMM berupaya menggalang solidaritas dan komitmen di antara LSM-LSM di Padang untuk memperkuat aspek internal organisasi masing-masing, dengan meningkatkan penerapan prinsip transparansi dan akuntabilitas. Perbaikan dari internal organisasi ini diharapkan dapat memulihkan kembali kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap LSM sebagai kekuatan gerakan sosial.

Dalam upayanya untuk menggalang solidaritas dan komitmen LSM-LSM di Sumbar, KPMM dan lembaga anggotanya juga turut dalam mendirikan Konsil LSM Indonesia. Sejak 2010, KPMM dan hampir semua lembaga anggotanya juga ikut menjadi anggota Konsil LSM Indonesia, yakni PKBI Sumbar, P3SD, Totalitas, LP2M, Kabisat Indonesia, Paham Sumbar, Garda Era, SCEDEI dan Pusaka. Pada November 2012, KPMM dan lembaga anggotanya sepakat untuk mengambil peran sebagi perwakilan Konsil LSM Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat.

Setelah kegiatan penyusunan program Perwakilan Konsil LSM Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat acara diakhiri dengan membuat beberapa rencana tindak lanjut.*

Launching Jurnal Akuntabilitas di Makassar

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Launching Jurnal Akuntabilitas yang diterbitkan oleh Konsil LSM Indonesia dilaksanakan di Makassar, 17 Desember 2012. Launching Jurnal akuntabilitas ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan kualitas layanan lembaga yang bekerja langsung dengan masyarakat, yang didalamnya termasuk NGO dan perusahaan melalui pengelolaan program corporate social responsibility (CSR). Untuk itu kinerja NGO dan perusahaan dituntut untuk senantiasa memperbaiki kinerja dan tata kelolanya melalui pertanggungjawaban publik.

Narasumber dalam acara ini adalah Meuthia Ganie-Rochman Ph.D (peneliti senior Lab Sosio – Departemen Sosiologi FISIP UI) dan Dr. Hamid Paddu (akademisi Universitas Hasanuddin), sedangkan moderator diskusi adalah Edi Ariyadi. Sejumlah LSM di Sulawesi Selatan, perusahaan, pemerintah, dan akademisi hadir sebagai peserta.

Satu point penting dalam isu tersebut adalah partisipasi, serta akuntabilitas LSM yang akan diuji melalui publik. Hal itu sangat penting guna memastikan agar lembaga-lembaga tersebut bekerja secara profesional dan terpercaya terhadap orang yang dilayani.

Sebelum forum akuntabilitas ini dilakukan, malam sebelumnya (16/12) berlangsung diskusi antara Meuthia Ganie-Rochman dengan aktivis LSM Sulawesi Selatan untuk memahami lebih jauh tentang akuntabilitas, khususnya tentang ISO 26000.*